Since July 1, 2007, the three works on the construction of intelligent building new national standards will be gradually put into effect, marking the development of intelligent building industry has entered a new period of development.
Ministry of Construction on December 29, 2006 issued Notice No. 536,glue stick approved the "Intelligent Building Design Standards" as the national standard, number GB/T50314-2006, since July 1, 2007 onwards. The original "Intelligent Building Design Standards" GB/T50314-2000 repealed simultaneously. Ministry of Construction on April 6, 2007 and No. 619 issued Notice No. 620, the content are: approval of "integrated wiring systems engineering" as the national standard, code GB50311-2007, since October 1,glue gun 2007 shall come into operation , the original "building and building cabling system design specification" GB/T50311-2000 shall be annulled; approval "cabling system for engineering acceptance" as the national standard, code GB50312-2007, since October 1, 2007 onwards. The original "building and building cabling system for engineering acceptance" GB/T50312-2000 repealed simultaneously.
Intelligent building is the product of the information age, it is more advanced automated building systems forms of development, it will construction, communications, computer network and monitoring all aspects of mutual integration of advanced technology, integrated into the overall optimization. Intelligent Building of the "intelligent", mainly refers to information management within the building and the capacity utilization of information, the ability to cover the collection and use of information, analysis and processing of information and information exchange between sharing.
Intelligent Building Technology and Construction is a combination of electronic and information technology products, has become the twenty-first century, the dominant real estate investment and development direction.
Toward standardization.
Information age, the image of intelligent building projects as the basis for digital city in modern urban construction in its growing importance. In China, along with the intelligent buildings and the Intelligent Community of the rise of associated seminars, exhibitions come and go, newspapers, radio and other media are also competing propaganda. Also real estate developers with previous intelligence system as a selling point, and now there is no intelligent systems has become a disadvantage, whether residential park, or building construction, regarded as a basic configuration of intelligent system. Precisely because of this, the standardization of the development of intelligent building a higher demand more.
In the 20th century, late 80s, developed by the Ministry of Construction, "Civil Electrical Design", it has been proposed building automation and office automation, the intelligent building concept and the various systems involved with more comprehensive. At that time people's understanding of the main building intelligent telephone, cable TV systems received a building, while the building in the use of computer control and management of mechanical and electrical equipment. Each system is independent, not linked, combined with the construction does not closer.
With the introduction of integrated wiring technology, in building interiors for the transmission of voice and data provides an open platform, enhanced information technology and architectural functions, on the development and popularization of intelligent building had a huge role. In 1995, China Association of Communication Engineering, Engineering Construction Standardization Committee issued a "Construction and building cabling system and design specifications" to promote the communication network and office automation systems in construction applications. Officially issued by Shanghai local standard "Intelligent Building Design Standards" (DBJ08-47-95), which according to different needs, the intelligent building is divided into three levels, for intelligent building planning, design and construction to provide a basis to promote smart building development. 90, to standardize the development of intelligent building industry, the state also issued a "computer room design" (GB50174-93), "Civil CCTV systems engineering" (GB/T50198-94), "automatic fire alarm system Design Code "(GB50116-98)," automatic fire alarm system construction and acceptance "(GB50ll6-92) and other national standards.
Market driving force.
Intelligent Building is another important driving force comes from real estate developers. In the 90's boom in real estate development, real estate developers in the intelligent building is not fully understood essentials, I found the smart building business value of the label, so "intelligent building", "3A Construction", "5A Architecture" and even "7A building" terms frequently appear in their promotional advertisements, intelligent building up rapidly in popularity in China. China's eastern coastal areas of tall buildings in almost all new claims to be intelligent building, and quickly expanded to the Midwest. Rapidly expanding market in the exercise and develop a smart building design and construction team, but also some non-standard phenomena, intelligent building construction quality of some hidden dangers.
To this end, in 1997 the Ministry of Construction promulgated the "intelligent building systems engineering management Interim Provisions", in October 1998 and promulgated the "intelligent building systems engineering and system integration Interim Measures for Qualification Management," and with it appropriate "standard of professional qualifications," the two laws. This demonstrates the commitment of the two laws and regulations and system integration of intelligent building design qualification, in fact, the standard of market access, which prohibits all sub-standard, not a strength, not the performance of unqualified enterprises to enter the market to ensure market order and product quality.
The deepening of the use of intelligent building is the development of the intelligent community. In the last century, the smart residential area of construction is a phenomenon unique to China, application of information technology in the residential district primarily for the tenants to provide advanced management tools, secure living environment and convenient communication entertainment. This is the public buildings such as hotels, office buildings, hospitals, stadiums, etc. based intelligent building are very different.
Construction of residential quarters to promote intelligent protagonist is telecom operators, they are trying to get by investing in each household to build a broadband network to carry out a variety of value-added services, such as: e-commerce, online entertainment, remote education, telemedicine and other kinds of data transmission and communication services, etc., and use these value-added services to recover their investment. So from the developers and tenants will enjoy this "free dinner", a nationwide "broadband hot" is all over the rise. Various types of companies have joined this "enclosure" movement, the frequent occurrence of vicious competition, and even some residential broadband network while building sets.
The introduction of pragmatic thinking.
Although this development was the idea of building intelligent skepticism, but this does not affect the "broadband" has become the intelligent building industry, as well as the hottest topic in the real estate industry.
Then some of the intelligent building a new interpretation and understanding that the building is through access to a variety of intelligent broadband network architecture, in order to live and work in these buildings provide a variety of people, intelligent people need information services business, Through this network users to receive and transmit a variety of voice, data and video signals and information exchange to meet the people, security, environmental monitoring and property management needs.
If the integrated wiring as all the intelligent building is obviously an oversimplification. On the other hand, if intelligent building objects and actual needs, regardless of the blind pursuit of an integrated intelligent building integration, then and too complicated. Intelligent building system integration for the key issues, Ministry of Construction, Committee of Experts on intelligence and cultural education held in Beijing in 1999, the "Summit Forum of intelligent building system integration."
The participants to the need for intelligent building system integration, system integration how issues related to the discussion, the representative of the system integration should be mainly based building automation system integration, and the use of open standards for systems integration point of view . These views later system integration as a major guiding principle in practice, it marks the construction of intelligent building from the blind pursuit of intelligence, Tandaqiuquan turned pragmatic.
This pragmatic thinking, in the Ministry of Construction in 2000 introduced the "Intelligent Building Design Standards" (GB/T50314-2000), "Building and construction design of cabling projects" (GB/T50311-2000) and "building Engineering and construction cabling Acceptance "(GB/T50312-2000) in the three national standards have been fully reflected.
July 1, 2003, the Ministry of Construction promulgated the national standard, "intelligent building acceptance of quality" (GB50339-2003), 2004 was enacted "security engineering and technical norms" (GB50348-2004) and "mine building electronic information system technical specifications "(GB-500343-2004). These national standards development and implementation in practice for the healthy and orderly development of intelligent building provides a guarantee.
Deepen the content again.
Currently, in the field of intelligent building, the open control network technology is the standardization, wide-area technology, portability, scalability, and interoperability direction. With the rapid development of intelligent building technology, 2000 related to intelligent building design and integrated wiring of the three
The lack of national standards, gradually revealed. To this end, the Ministry of Construction organized relevant experts to the three national standards were revised, and this year launched a new version of the revised national standards.
According to the 2000 version of the provisions of intelligent building design standards, in addition to the smart residential building outside the system by the intelligence function, investment, management is divided into three areas A, B, C levels, but also the general requirements listed by subsystem, design elements (requirements) and design criteria (functional and configuration requirements.)
New design of intelligent buildings than 2000 have been significantly improved, to the "intelligent building" is defined to be new content, the content of a technical upgrade and add sound, focusing on the enhanced technology capabilities to enhance value to make it more comprehensive in-depth and complete; to adapt to a wider range of functions for building; file more formal expression, the system's technical more reasonable system requirements on the intelligence emphasis on system function; system interface is more clear, "PDS" return into the "information infrastructure system"; system technology coverage more comprehensive and increase the "computer room project"; system technology more complete attention to anti-jamming technology measures; System conception higher, up to construction equipment management needs to ensure that the intelligence practical construction techniques, advanced, reliable, economic rationality of investment projects, as well as the principles of sustainable development.
New version of "intelligent buildings" in accordance with the function of all types of buildings to be classified, in order to achieve a comprehensive, scientific, reasonable and make it more effective to meet all types of building intelligent systems engineering design requirements. In addition to the design of intelligent building elements of common provisions, highlighting for office, commercial, hospitals, cultural, media, sports, traffic, schools, residential, industrial and other buildings were categorized description of key points, regarding which building should be What kind of intelligent building standards to achieve, try to give clearer guidance, greatly increasing the design process reference value and the actual operational.
More detailed specifications.
In the 2000 version of the relevant cabling design and acceptance criteria in the two countries, specified cabling system facilities and pipeline construction, architecture and buildings should be included in the corresponding planning. Integrated wiring system should be intelligent building office automation (OAS), communications automation (CAS), Building Automation (BAS) systems such as overall planning, in accordance with the requirements of all kinds of information do the rational use of the transmission, and should meet the relevant standards. Intelligent building design must be selected in line with the relevant technical standards of styling products. Without state approval of the product quality supervision and inspection of equipment for qualified organizations and major materials used in construction projects may not.
New national standards on cabling is based on the 2000 version to be improved and enhanced in order to 5E and Category 6, fiber optic cabling system, content-based, with the international standard ISO11801-2002E standards, regulations and policies in line with the spirit of the national requirements of the premise under the national standard of 2000, a series of amendments, supplement and perfect.
New version of "integrated wiring systems engineering" in the system of indicators into the implementation of recommendations and the need for both, system configuration, application level and the product category is divided into seven parts. Clear that the new specification of the system design of cable laying installation of slot utilization and bend radius control, telecommunications rooms, equipment rooms, among other technical requirements into the line; fire cable used is the focus of the test standards compliance level, not entirely dependent on the selected cable jacket insulation materials, flammable region and laying the cable shafts should be flame retardant; the corresponding list of international, North America, Europe, cable fire test standard, a different cable laying methods and environmental space conditions.
New version of "Acceptance of Generic Cabling System Engineering" covers the testing tools and instrument precision inspection, engineering inspection items and contents of the table; cable length and electrical characteristics of sampling tests, engineering electrical testing (basic link, permanent link and channel test connection model) technical indicators and test indicators of value and the fiber link attenuation formula; cable laying and protection requirements of the design requirements; cable termination (wiring diagrams, reserved length) test indicators; and project acceptance the evaluation criteria and document management requirements.
The smart building design, cabling system design and acceptance of the three revised the introduction of national standards, smart construction industry of China will play a more prominent role in guiding on the implementation of a national on vigorously promote "energy conservation", "green" technology and strive to create "green" building, and other policies play a strong role in promoting. As the construction of intelligent design and implementation of the preferred technical standards documents, to promote the development of intelligent building industry is of great significance, is widely recognized intelligent building industry, is considered the industry development in the history of China's Intelligent Building one of the most important milestone.
The development of intelligent buildings abroad.
Intelligent building originated in the early 80s of last century. January 1984 the U.S. city of Hartford, Conn., built the world's first intelligent building, it is a transformation of the old financial buildings, known as "urban building." This 38-storey, with a total construction area of over one hundred thousand square meters of a large building, the choice of the building do not have to purchase the equipment can be obtained for speech communication, word processing, e-mail, the market price information, scientific computing and intelligence information retrieval services. Besides building automated integrated management of building air-conditioning, water, fire, theft, for the realization of computer-controlled distribution system Dengjun, so that the customers really feel comfortable, convenient and safe.
Since 1985, Japan began to build intelligent buildings, and developed from the smart devices, smart home to intelligent buildings, smart urban development plan, set up a "Ministry of Construction Committee of Experts on National Intelligent Building" and the "Intelligent Building Research Association of Japan." Singapore government to promote intelligent building, huge amounts of money allocated for specific research, plans to build "Smart City Garden." India in Calcutta in 1995 in Salt Lake City began to build "smart city." Britain, France, Germany and other countries also have their own characteristics in the development of intelligent buildings.